Description
Euphorbia royleana Boiss., commonly known as the “霸王鞭,” is a perennial succulent shrub in the genus Euphorbia of the Euphorbiaceae family. The entire plant exudes white latex. Its stems are erect, with a cylindrical base and 4–5 vertical ribs on the upper portion, wavy margins, and a deep green outer surface. The leaves are alternate; the upper leaves are densely clustered, almost forming rosettes, each with a short petiole and a pair of sharp spines at the base. The leaf blades are lanceolate, with a rounded apex, tapering gradually into a stalk at the base, entire margins, dark green above, green below, and glabrous on both sides. Flowers appear terminally or laterally, arranged in umbel-like inflorescences.
This species is native to the arid, hot, and sunny regions of eastern India. It is found in China in Taiwan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, and other areas. The plant prefers warm climates, is not cold tolerant, can withstand high temperatures, and tends to shed leaves when temperatures are low; winter temperatures should not fall below 5 °C. It is highly drought tolerant, prefers well‑drained, loose sandy loam soils, and enjoys light. Propagation is achieved by stem cuttings.
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